The current structure was completed in 1968, but its historical background can be traced as far back as in 1840. The mosque’s site is believed to be among the oldest mosques in Kuching. It was founded by a local leader appointed by the Brunei Sultanate known as a Pangeran. The small mosque stood on a hill near the river. It existed long before the arrival of the White Rajah of Sarawak, James Brooke. At that time, it was just a rudimentary vernacular structure set on a hill along the banks of the Sarawak River.
The location of the mosque is unique as it was built along the banks overlooking the Sarawak River, and is also at the edge of the town centre, near many centuries-old shop houses and a commercial area. As the town grew over the years, it became the focal point of the city. It is truly a city mosque that completes the composition of the fabric of a former colonial town. During the days when Kuching flourished as one of the main trading towns in Borneo, it served as the administrative town of Sarawak and parts of Borneo. As there was a large population of Muslims living in the area, the town needed a bigger mosque. The Malay leader at that time, Dato’ Patinggi Ali, helped to establish a fund drive in 1847. A bigger mosque was built later with Dato’ Patinggi Hj Abdul Gapur was appointed as the first Imam.
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Masjid Bahagian Kuching also known as Masjid Bandaraya Kuching. Masjid Bandaraya Kuching is the main mosque in Kuching, Sarawak.